|
Interscope Geffen A&M Records (sometimes abbreviated as IGA) is an American record company. Its parent company is the Universal Music Group, a subsidiary of Paris-based media conglomerate Vivendi S.A. ==History== Interscope Geffen A&M Records was established in 1999. A merger of the Polygram-owned labels Geffen and A&M and Universal's Interscope, it followed the 1998 purchase of Polygram Records by Seagram, then the parent of Universal Music Group. As a result of the merger, a significant percentage of artists and bands were dropped from A&M and Geffen, and though both continued to exist as labels, 280 jobs were eliminated and A&M's Charlie Chaplin lot offices were closed. The reorganization, expected to produce $300 million in savings annually, was described by the ''Los Angeles Times'' as underscoring the "changing economics and direction of the music business." As independent labels, A&M and Geffen were revered and had achieved substantial commercial and artistic success. Both had been sold by their founders, however, and both had suffered from budget restraints and unproductive band signings over the previous years. At the time of the merger neither label had records in the ''Billboard'' Top 40 while Interscope had "defined the new sound of young America" with hit records from artists including Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Tupac Shakur, Nine Inch Nails, No Doubt, Limp Bizkit, and Bush, among others. Interscope co-founders Jimmy Iovine and Ted Field were named co-chairmen of IGA at its launch. In 2000 Universal Music Group became the first music corporation to break the $1-billion mark in EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization). The company held the top position in music sales with 28.03% market share, and Interscope was the top-selling Universal label, with an 8.97% market share. In 2003, UMG acquired DreamWorks Records and in 2004 DreamWorks was merged with IGA. Artists including Blink-182, Papa Roach, Rise Against, Nelly Furtado, Lifehouse, AFI, the All-American Rejects, Jimmy Eat World and Rufus Wainwright were moved to the Geffen and Interscope imprints. In 2010, IGA and 19 Entertainment announced a strategic alliance to develop, distribute and globally market records by ''American Idol'' finalists and winning contestants. In 2013, it fully acquired Octone Records, which had been established as a joint venture in 2007. Iovine served as chairman and CEO of IGA until May 2014. He was succeeded by John Janick. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Interscope Geffen A&M Records」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|